ROP Screening is a vital eye examination performed on premature infants to detect Retinopathy of Prematurity, a potentially blinding condition caused by abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. Babies born before 34 weeks of gestation or with low birth weight are at higher risk. Early screening and timely treatment can prevent vision loss and complications such as retinal detachment. The screening involves a detailed retinal examination by a paediatric ophthalmologist, often using specialized equipment. Regular monitoring helps ensure healthy eye development and improves outcomes for premature babies.